Research Guides

Building the right thing

Delicate, wispy ribbons of red, blue, and gold filaments from the Veil Nebula supernova remnant stretching across a star-filled field.
Guide

Research plan template

✓ agree the decision before you book a single session

Hubble · Veil Nebula · 2025 · NASA
October 5, 20269 min

UX research plan template: copy it free, with a filled-in example

A free UX research plan template you can copy in one click, a guide to filling in each section, and a filled-in example for a B2B onboarding study.

Dark, silhouetted clouds of hydrogen gas and dust standing out against glowing nebulosity in a portion of the Rosette Nebula, sculpted by radiation from nearby young stars.
Guide

Tree testing vs card sorting

✓ one builds the structure, the other checks it

Hubble · Rosette Nebula · 2025 · NASA
October 5, 20268 min

Tree testing vs card sorting: which to use, and when to run both

Card sorting shows how people group your content. Tree testing checks whether they can find it. When to use each, and how to run them together.

Hubble image of emission nebula NGC 2313, a bright star veiled in a curtain of dust.
Guide

Survey question types

✓ pick the format that matches the decision you need to make

Hubble · NGC 2313 · 2021 · NASA
October 5, 202611 min

Types of survey questions: 12 formats, with examples and when to use each

The 12 survey question types researchers use, from single-select to matrix and NPS, with an example of each, when it works, and the mistakes that ruin the data.

Hubble image of the Little Dumbbell Nebula (M76), a glowing two-lobed planetary nebula in blue and orange against a dark star field.
Guide

UX survey questions

✓ measure the experience, then ask why

Hubble · Little Dumbbell Nebula · 2024 · NASA
October 5, 202610 min

UX survey questions: 35 examples, plus the standard questionnaires (SUS, SEQ, UMUX-Lite)

35 UX survey questions for discovery, usability tests, onboarding and feature feedback, plus how to use SUS, SEQ, UMUX-Lite and NPS.

Chandra and Webb composite of the Pillars of Creation in the Eagle Nebula.
Guide

Card Sorting

✓ the structure your users already have in their heads

Webb · Pillars of Creation · 2024 · NASA
September 14, 202621 min read

Card sorting: The key to your users' mental models

Learn open, closed, and hybrid card sorting with step-by-step instructions. Includes a downloadable template and tips for analyzing results.

Three star-forming galaxies of the SDSSCGB 10189 group tangled together mid-collision, with fainter, more distant galaxies scattered across the dark background.
Guide

Affinity Mapping

✓ themes that survive being broken and rebuilt

Hubble · SDSSCGB 10189 · 2023 · NASA
August 17, 202610 min

Affinity mapping: how to turn raw research into insights that stick

Affinity mapping, also called affinity diagramming, groups research observations into themes. How to run one, and how to tell when the groups are wrong.

Composite of IC 1623, two merging galaxies blazing with new star formation.
Guide

B2B Market Research

✓ rigor that does not depend on sample size

Webb · IC 1623 · 2025 · NASA
August 17, 202611 min

B2B market research: how to get useful insights from a specialized audience

B2B research means tiny populations, gatekeepers and NDAs. Here is how to run it properly when you cannot get 400 responses.

The Cosmic Cliffs of NGC 3324, a ridge of gas and dust glowing against young stars.
Guide

Content Testing

✓ copy people understand, trust, and act on

Webb · Cosmic Cliffs · 2024 · NASA
August 17, 202610 min

Content testing: how to find out if your words actually work

Content testing checks whether people understand and can act on your copy. Here are the methods, when to use each, and how to run one.

Dark, silhouetted clouds of hydrogen gas and dust standing out against glowing nebulosity in a portion of the Rosette Nebula, sculpted by radiation from nearby young stars.
Guide

Feedback Analysis

✓ a ranked list you can defend, not a summary

Hubble · Rosette Nebula · 2025 · NASA
August 17, 202612 min

Customer feedback analysis: how to find the patterns hiding in your feedback

Customer feedback analysis is the process of coding feedback into themes and ranking them by impact. Here's the six-step method, and where AI actually helps.

Webb image of an immense stellar jet on the outskirts of the Milky Way.
Guide

Customer Journey Mapping

✓ every box on the map traces to real evidence

Webb · Stellar Jet · 2025 · NASA
August 17, 202611 min

Customer journey mapping: how to build one from research, not from a workshop guess

How to build a customer journey map grounded in research instead of workshop assumptions, and how to keep it useful after the offsite ends.

Hubble visible-light close-up of the Trifid Nebula with young stars and dark dust.
Guide

Empathy Mapping

✓ four quadrants, every entry traceable to evidence

Hubble · Trifid Nebula · 2026 · NASA
August 17, 202610 min

Empathy mapping: how to build one from real research

An empathy map organizes what a user says, thinks, does and feels. Here is how to build one from research evidence instead of workshop guesswork.

Webb close-up of the Cat's Paw Nebula with dense, sculpted clouds of gas.
Guide

Ethnographic Research

✓ behavior makes sense once you can see the context

Webb · Cat's Paw Nebula · 2025 · NASA
August 17, 202611 min

Ethnographic research: studying people where they actually are

Ethnographic research studies people in their own environment. Here are the methods, when field research beats a lab, and how to run it without a year in the field.

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